Introduction: Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes and that have an important role in innate immunity. NK cells release cytokines such as TNF-α IFN-ɣ during infection. These cytokines stimulate and increased activity of the innate and adaptive immune responses. NKG2D is one of the most stimulating NK receptors that bind to the MIC-A, MIC-B and ULBPs. These ligands are on the tumor and virus-infected cells,which leads to increasing NK secretion lytic proteins such as perforin , granzyme against target cells, and play an important role in the activation of cellular immune function, as well as destruction and elimination of cancer cells. Previous studies have confirmed G2 Vaccine has an important role in the control of asthma via affecting TH2 cells and controls allergic response through preventing increasing eosinophil , basophil, and inhibits TH2-related responses. Thus , in this study, we evaluated the effect of G2 Vaccine on the gene expression and NKG2D receptor presenting on NK cells in peripheral blood.
Materials and Methods: To the obtain Nk cell, Blood mononuclear cells after isolation, The 1×106 of viable cells were cultured in medium RPMI 1640 and affects by G2 Vaccine in the times of 12, 24 and 48 hours at of 37° . G2 Vaccine is the buffalo spleen extracts that act as TH cells stimulants and first time has been registered by Saleh Mohaghegh Hazrati in IRAN. Then extracting RNA of the cells, cDNA synthesis was performed and gene expression was evaluated by Real-Time PCR. Also receptors presenting on the cell surface was evaluated via monoclonal antibodies by flow cytometry.
Results: The results of our study have shown that G2 Vaccine leads to up-regulating gene expression and NKG2D receptor presenting on NK cells. This can lead to increasing NK cells cytotoxicity through this receptor.
Conclusion: Due to the increasing NKG2D receptor on NK cells,that can increase NK cell cytotoxicity activity against viral infections and cancers. Also , this Vaccine regulate the balance betweenTH1and TH2 and can induce the stimulation of Th1cells. Therefore, In the future this Vaccine can be used in the cancer immunotherapy and treatment of allergic diseases.
Keywords: natural killer ,NKG2D ,flow cytometry ,qRT- PCR ,Immunotheraphy.
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