Methods: Data were obtained from clinical records. 615 patients with diagnosis of AC were included. Epidemiological characteristics included sex, age, residence; clinical-immunological characteristics included atopy, coexistence of other allergies, total IgE, cutaneous reactivity to skin prick test (SPT), sixty allergens were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were performed to obtain frequencies and T- test was used to find significant differences, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: AC-Patients who received medical consultation at the Institute of Ophthalmology where predominantly from State of Mexico (47.25%), Mexico City (37.5%), and in less frequency Hidalgo, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Michoacan, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Chiapas and Guanajuato. 88% of AC-patients were positive to SPT (SPT+), while 12% were negative to SPT (SPT-). Age of diagnosis was significant different between SPT-AC-patients and SPT+AC-patients (14.5-years vs 17.9-years, p=0.02). Male SPT-AC-patients were diagnosed younger than male SPT+AC-patients(p=0.001). IgE concentration was significant increased in male SPT+AC-patients than female SPT+AC-patients(p=0.006). The most common skin reactivity was against Dermatophagoides sp.(59.1%), Aedes sp(54.55%) and Blatella-Periplaneta sp.(31.14%); we did not observe significant differences in skin reactivity between male or female SPT+AC-patient.
Conclusions: It was considered that AC-patients were negative to SPT; contrary to reported, this study showed that most of AC-patients were positive to some allergen; this result is relevant because open the possibility to offer specific desensitization as conventional treatment instead anti-histamine drugs in SPT+ population. This is the first study covering the central and southern part of our country.