Factores De Riesgo De Muerte Por Asma Bronquial En Centro Habana En El Período Comprendido Entre 1995-2010

Background: Results of research conducted in Havana (Centro Habana municipality's population) in the period 1995-2010 to evaluate possible risk factors for death from asthma are presented. The objective was to determine the correlation between the factors that influence asthma deaths in this country. Assessing risk factors for asthma death psychosocial factors, occupation, housing conditions, work and study center, smoking, comorbid illnesses by organ systems, level of care between exacerbations and in them, background risk of death from asthma, perennial or discontinuation of corticosteroids recent assistance to emergency services or hospitalization in the last year of the death, level of care between exacerbations and in them, and severity of the allergic family history and place and date of death.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of cases with asthma who died of adult from 1995 to 2010. A total of 109, they surveyed the families of 65 for a 59.63% and an equal number of controls. Of all respondents 36 were women (55.39%) and 29 men (44.61%) and an average age of 55.8 years (53.7 for women and 58.4 for men).

Results: Univariate analysis of the level of schooling had a RD = 2.68, the per capita financial <$ 100.00 an RD = 2.32, smoking a RD = 2.76, in cardiovascular disease DR = 2.46 and no care between exacerbations had a RD = 2.43.

The multivariate logistic regression analysis found significant association with a poorly ventilated RD = 7.29, relative risk (RR) of 5.93, lack of sun RD = 4.85 RR = 7.41; pets RD = 2 30, RR = 5.82; smokers RD = 2.76 RR = 14.81; the use of beta2 agonist> 3 teams / RD = 18.4 months RR = 69.93 and the severity of the disease RD = 8 , 80 RR = 23.47.

Conclusions: Inadequate socioeconomic conditions (lack of ventilation, sun and presence of pets and cigarette smoke in households as poor management of the disease (use of beta2 agonist> 3 teams / month) are risk factors for death from asthma. Deaths from asthma were more common outside the hospital in winter.